The appendicular skeleton (126 bones) is formed by the pectoral girdles, the upper limbs, the pelvic girdle or pelvis, and the lower limbs. Unlike most primates, human males do not have penile bones. The human female pelvis is also different from that of males in order to facilitate childbirth. In general, female skeletal elements tend to be smaller and less robust than corresponding male elements within a given population. The human skeleton is not as sexually dimorphic as that of many other primate species, but subtle differences between sexes in the morphology of the skull, dentition, long bones, and pelvis exist. The human skeleton performs six major functions: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation. The appendicular skeleton, which is attached to the axial skeleton, is formed by the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle and the bones of the upper and lower limbs. The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, the rib cage, the skull and other associated bones. The human skeleton can be divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. 10–11 kg for an average person) and reaches maximum mass between the ages of 25 and 30. The bone mass in the skeleton makes up about 14% of the total body weight (ca. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body.
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